From 1917 to the present |
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1917 Rubber soled shoes originate 1947 GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) goes into effect 1968 Nike established 1970’s OPEC oil price shock 1972 Waffle sole introduced 1980’s Explosion in international trade of athletic footwear 1983 $10 billion worth of shoes cross international boarders 1987 Value of trade peaks at $20 billion (slow decline since) 1993 Michael Jordan retires; Nike forced to change advertising strategies 1993 "Nike in Europe" sells the American image overseas 1993 Robert Louis-Dreyfus takes over Adidas 1994 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) effected 1994 Nike valued at 3.8 billion dollars 1994 Converse decides to target two major divisions within the industry:
1995 WTO (World Trade Organization) effected 1995 Quotas on clothing imports eliminated when 20 year old MFA (Multi-Fiber Agreement) phased out. 1996 Converse launches "All Star 2000" (biggest promotion ever) 1996 AIP (Apparel Industry Partnership) - attempt to assure consumers of fair labor practices 1997 Converse re-strategizes to focus on four categories:
1997 Adidas buys Solomon to diversify their product line 1997 Nike’s fiscal year is apx. 9.5 billion dollars, almost double that of 1995 1990s Labor intensive industries shift to a horizontal structure as a result of NAFTA 1998 Nike’s stock price drops to $46 from its all time high of $76 only one year earlier 1998 Footwear sales are down 18% 1997 Asian Financial Crisis begins 1998 Changes in teen style causes Nike to loose over 2.4 billion dollars in market value 1998 Converse joins with Sportil in the manufacturing, distributing and License Agreement in order to become a key player in the European Market 1998 Nike launches its Alpha line that includes a remodeling of their shoe design that will provide "form fitting heel, more flexibility and reduced weight of shoe" 1999 Converse launches the "Helium" line of technology 2000 The Athlete's Foot introduces foot scanning technology into several retail stores |
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TIMELINE OF THE ATHLETIC FOOTWEAR
INDUSTRY
